Research on Mass Gatherings and Rallies Feature PageBack

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Research Reports

	Onsite Survey on December 4 Rally 2005 (Chinese only) conducted on 4/12/2005; released on 5/12/2005; on-line from 7/12/2005

Head Countings

	2015 Feburary 1 Rally Headcounting Project (1/2/2015) (Chinese only) The headcount of 2015 Feburary 1 Rally was conducted by the Public Opinion Programme, HKU. Results are released via this website.

	2014 August 17 Rally Headcounting Project (17/8/2014) (Chinese only) The headcount of 2014 August 17 Rally was conducted by the Public Opinion Programme, HKU. Results are released via this website.

	2014 January 1 Rally Headcounting Project (1/1/2014) (Chinese only) The headcount of 2014 January 1 Rally was conducted by the Public Opinion Programme, HKU. Results are released via this website.

	2013 January 1 Rally Headcounting Project (1/1/2013) (Chinese only) The headcount of 2013 January 1 Rally was conducted by the Public Opinion Programme, HKU. Results are released via this website.

	2010 January 1 Rally Headcounting Project (6/1/2010) (Chinese only) The headcount of 2010 January 1 Rally was conducted by the Public Opinion Programme, HKU. Results are released via this website.

	2008 January 13 Rally Headcounting Project (14/1/2008) (Chinese only) The headcount of 2008 January 13 Rally was conducted by the Public Opinion Programme, HKU. Results are released via this website.

	2007 March 18 Rally Headcounting Project (19/3/2007) (Chinese only) The headcount of March for Equal and Universal Suffrage on March 18, 2007 was conducted independently by Robert Ting-Yiu Chung, Director of Public Opinion Programme. It is sort of a voluntary social service. Results are released via this website.

	2006 November 12 Rally Headcounting Project (12/11/2006) (Chinese only) The headcount of "Walk for the Harbour" on November 12, 2006 was conducted by the Public Opinion Programme, HKU. Results are released via this website.

	2005 December 4 Rally Headcounting Project (5/12/2005) (Chinese only) The HKU Student Research Team is fully responsible for the 2005 December 4 Rally Headcounting Project, with the assistance of the Public Opinion Programme. Robert Ting-Yiu Chung, the Director of the Public Opinion Programme, is the advisor of the Team. Results of the headcounting project are released via links of this website.

	Combined Charts Of The Other Non-periodic Rallies

	Combined Charts Of Rallies Over The Years

	Combined Charts Of Rallies Over The Years(More than 20000 people attended)

Articles

	"From "123 Rally" to the Future Development" Thomson Chung-Sum Hui (Core Member of Hong Kong University Student Research Team) (26/1/2005) The Hong Kong University Student Research Team observed and studied the January 23 Rally and wrote this article to record their findings. This article briefly discussed the head counting method and the result. It also examined the reasons for the low participation of the public in this rally. The Chinese version of this article was published by the Hong Kong Economic Journal on January 26 2005.

	"Reflections on the Anti-Politicians Rally" Robert Ting-Yiu Chung (Director of Public Opinion Programme, the University of Hong Kong) (8/1/2005) The article mainly described some findings obtained from the "2005 New Year Rally" on-line survey, and analyzed its participants' background and demands. The author also discussed the influences of verbal violence, and expressed his expectations on the development of a healthy rally culture. The Chinese version of the article was published by the Hong Kong Economic Journal on 8 January 2005.

	"Head Counting Results in New Year Rallies" Carter Ting-Cheong Chim and Eunice Yau-Yur Siu (Core Members of Hong Kong University Student Research Team) (5/1/2005) The Hong Kong University Student Research Team, after analyzing the motives of the New Year Rally's participants in the last article, studied the number of participants in the two rallies. This article mainly illustrated the head counting method and released the result, as well as summarizing the experiences gained from the head counting work. The Chinese version of the article was published by the Hong Kong Economic Journal on 5 January 2005.

	"Taking Another Kind of Demands to the Street?" Adele Sum-Yee Li and Nicola Kit-Yu Hui (Core Members of Hong Kong University Student Research Team) (4/1/2005) The Hong Kong University Student Research Team observed and studied the January 1 Rally and wrote this article to record their findings. This article mainly examined the implication of this demonstration, and discussed the possibility of having another kind of opinions resorting to the street. This article also suggested the elements which drove participants to join the demonstration. The Chinese version of the article was published by the Hong Kong Economic Journal on 4 January 2005.

	"Head Counting in Mass Gatherings and Rallies Article Series" Robert Ting-Yiu Chung (Director of Public Opinion Programme, the University of Hong Kong) (16/7/2004) The article was published by MingPao in two parts, on July 15 and 16, 2004, with respective titles of "500,000 People in 2003's July 1 Rally as a Reliable Figure; 50,000 People at most in This Year's January 1 Rally" and "180,000 to 210,000 People in This Year's July 1 Rally". The article mainly discussed the author's head counting methods and limitations faced in last year's July 1 rally, this year's January 1 rally, June Fourth Candlelight Vigil and July 1 rally.

	"Methods of Head Counting Article Series" Jennifer So-Kuen Chan (Lecturer, Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, the University of Hong Kong), Leong Kwan Li (Associate Professor, Department of Applied Mathematics, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University) (16/7/2004) The article was published by Hong Kong Economic Journal in two parts, on July 15 and 16, 2004, with respective titles of "Static Counting Methods in Mass Gatherings and Rallies" and "Moving-mass Counting Methods in July 1 Rally". The article mainly examined the procedures and difficulties in various head counting methods through the June Fourth Candlelight Vigil and the July 1 rally.

	"Looking at Democratic Movement's Public Support from Population Figures" Jennifer So-Kuen Chan (Lecturer, Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, the University of Hong Kong) (5/7/2004) This article mainly analyzed the democratic development in Hong Kong from the perspective of population structure, with figures obtained in the 2001 Population Census and the on-site survey conducted in this year's July 1 rally. The Chinese version of the article was published by the Hong Kong Economic Journal on 5 July 2004.

	"Rally Head-counting must be Objective and Scientific" Jennifer So-Kuen Chan (Lecturer, Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, the University of Hong Kong) (29/4/2003) The article discussed the actual difficulties in performing rally head-counting, including the definition of participants, the projection of the man-flow in and out of the procession, and so on. The Chinese version was published by Hong Kong Economic Journal on April 27, 2004.

	"The Myth and Science of Rally Head-counts" Robert Ting-Yiu Chung (Director of Public Opinion Programme, the University of Hong Kong) (29/4/2004) This article, which was written after the April 11 Rally, discussed the professional standards of conducting and releasing survey results. It also made suggestions to the government regarding the possible methods of conducting head counts in future. The Chinese version was published by Hong Kong Economic Journal on April 26, 2004.

	"Public Opinion and the Two Rallies" Joseph Man Chan (Professor at the School of Journalism and Communication, the Chinese University of Hong Kong), Robert Ting-Yiu Chung (Director of Public Opinion Programme, the University of Hong Kong), Francis Lee (Assistant Professor at the Department of English and Communication, the City University of Hong Kong) (29/4/2004)

	(i) Full article (Chinese Only) This article made a comparative analysis on the profiles of participants in the July 1 and New Year Rallies. Backgrounds and communication behaviours of the "active participants" and "possible participants" were also compared. The Chinese version was published by Hong Kong Economic Journal in three parts, between April 21 and 23, 2004, with respective titles of "Comparing the Mobilization Patterns of Two Large Rallies", "Comparing Core and New Participants of Mass Rallies" and "Political Communication Behaviour of Rally Participants".

	(ii) Abstract This abstract facilitates readers' understanding of the full article, which is only available in Chinese.

	Press Release of Research Team on the Compendium of Submissions on Article 23 of the Basic Law (Chinese pdf format only) (30/6/2003)

	Press Release of Research Team on the Compendium of Submissions on Article 23 of the Basic Law (Chinese pdf format only) (4/7/2003)

Press Releases

	HKU POP releases the headcount result of February 1 rally (Chinese pdf only) (1/2/2015)

	HKUPOP releases headcount results of August 17 rally (Chinese Only) (17/8/2014)

	HKUPOP releases headcount results of January 1 rally (1/1/2014) (Chinese Only)

	HKUPOP releases headcount results of January 1 rally (1/1/2013) (Chinese Only)

	HKU POP SITE releases headcount results of January 1 rally (6/1/2010)

	HKU POP SITE estimates 10,000 to 12,000 people participated in yesterday's march calling for full democracy in 2012 (14/1/2008)

	HKU POP SITE releases the HKUPOP estimates 4,000 to 4,700 as the headcount of today's rally (18/3/2007) (Chinese only)

	Statement issued by Director of HKU POP, Robert Chung, regarding the survey on the number of participants in the April 11 procession

	HKU POP SITE releases initial estimation of the number of people attending New Year Rally (2/1/2004)

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