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The target population of this survey was defined as the principals of all local secondary schools excluding the international schools. No sampling was required. 

This study was conducted by self-administered paper questionnaire, returned by the principals via mail or fax. The data collection period started from 13 June, 2007 and ended on 3 July, 2007. A total of 111 questionnaires were received via fax, but only 109 cases were considered valid. The response rate of this survey was 22.9%, with a standard error of sampling of no more than 4.2%, had it been a representative survey (Table 1).

 
 
Table 1. Contact information of the survey
 Successful Cases    Distributed Questionnaires   Response rate* Standard Error** 
 109   475   22.9%   4.2% 
  * Response rate is calculated as the number of successful cases divided by the number of distributed questionnaires.
** Calculated as if these are random sample surveys.